Rutherford Atomic Theory
Rutherford Atomic Theory Suggests that the atom has a positively charged body at it center known as the nucleus. The positive charge of the protons present inside the nucleus are balanced by the electrons that were distributed around the nucleus, this nucleus consists of protons and neutrons of that atom. The nucleus constitutes most of the mass of the atom. There are electrons revolving the nucleus and these electrons are negatively charged.
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Ernest Rutherford Atom went ahead and exemplified the cause for the phenomenon of electrons not falling back in to the nucleus although there is a mutual electrostatic force of attraction existing between the electrons and the protons inside the nucleus.
He stated that due to the revolution of electrons at such high velocity, the centrifugal forces balances the electrostatic forces of attraction resulting in centripetal forces acting inwards which helps in the balancing act and so electrons do not fall in to the nucleus.
Ernest Rutherford Gold Foil Experiment
Rutherford Gold Foil experiment gave this theory on atomic model. The mass of atom was contained mostly of the nucleus. . The gold foil experiment conducted by Rutherford helped him to come to this conclusion. In this experiment a beam of alpha particles emitted from a radioactive source in the form of a thin bean , was directed onto a sheet of very thin gold foil.
A circular sheet of zinc sulfide was made to surround this gold foil which was used as a detector: The ZnS sheet would light up when hit with alpha particles. .
To Prevent scattering of molecules the whole experiment was setup in an evacuated chamber to prevent scattering by air molecules.
It was observed that majority of the particles happen to pass straight through the foil. Rutherford concluded that since the majority particles were not deflected they were empty and were made of open space.
A very small percentage of particles were deflected by much larger angles say about 90 degrees.
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Rutherford Gold Foil Experiment Summary
Alpha particles which were which are big in size were deflected by large angles or bounced backwards because they must have approached some positively charged region responsible for the deflection. This positively charged region is now called the nucleus.
This was due to massive center with a positive charge, the nucleus. This experiment gave the basis for the Rutherford atomic model. The results showed that atoms are mostly empty space but with a very dense center which we now call the nucleus.
Showing posts with label Atomic Theory. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Atomic Theory. Show all posts
Wednesday, April 24, 2013
Thursday, December 20, 2012
Niels Bohr Atomic Theory
Introduction to Neils Bohr atomic theory energy resource conservation
A Danish physicist Niels Henrik David Bohr was gave the atomic theory which is used now these days. Niels Bohr lived from 7 October 1885 to 18 November 1962. He was the founder of atomic structure and the quantum mechanics. Niels Bohr got the Nobel Prize in 1922 for the atomic theory. Niel Bohr married in 1912 with Margrethe Norlund and her son Aage Bohr also got the Nobel Prize in 1975 . I like to share this Atomic Number and Atomic Mass with you all through my article.
Neils Bohr Atomic Theory:
The most important and the main features of the atomic and the molecular structure was given by the Nile Bohr in 1915, so this picture which explains the atomic and the molecular structure is called as the Bohr’s model. The atomic theory given by the Niels Bohr states that the matter is made by the elementary and the discrete units called as atom. The word atom comes from the Greek word atomos, which meant indivisible. After the further researches the atom is not indivisible, it is divisible in the fundamental particles named as protons, electrons and the neutrons. These particles are called the elementary particles. These elementary particle rare further discovered by the various scientists. In this theory the electrons exhibits the property of both as a wave and as a particle meant that, it can be refracted like a wave and has some little mass like a particle. There is a consequence that the electron shows dual nature at a single time means the electron have some momentum and the position at the same time. The Bohr’s model describes that there is a possibility not sure that we find the electron in any particular circular orbit. Is this topic Formula for Mass hard for you? Watch out for my coming posts.
Conclusion on Neils Bohr Atomic Theory:
As according to the Rutherford atom model, all the electrons revolve around the nucleus. But he did not explain then why not all the electrons falls into the nucleus after spending the energy. This fact was completely explained by the Niels Bohr and stated that the electrons revolve around the nucleus in the fixed orbits only. The in that fixed orbits the angular momentum of the electrons is equal to the multiple integral of nh / 2`Pi` .
A Danish physicist Niels Henrik David Bohr was gave the atomic theory which is used now these days. Niels Bohr lived from 7 October 1885 to 18 November 1962. He was the founder of atomic structure and the quantum mechanics. Niels Bohr got the Nobel Prize in 1922 for the atomic theory. Niel Bohr married in 1912 with Margrethe Norlund and her son Aage Bohr also got the Nobel Prize in 1975 . I like to share this Atomic Number and Atomic Mass with you all through my article.
Neils Bohr Atomic Theory:
The most important and the main features of the atomic and the molecular structure was given by the Nile Bohr in 1915, so this picture which explains the atomic and the molecular structure is called as the Bohr’s model. The atomic theory given by the Niels Bohr states that the matter is made by the elementary and the discrete units called as atom. The word atom comes from the Greek word atomos, which meant indivisible. After the further researches the atom is not indivisible, it is divisible in the fundamental particles named as protons, electrons and the neutrons. These particles are called the elementary particles. These elementary particle rare further discovered by the various scientists. In this theory the electrons exhibits the property of both as a wave and as a particle meant that, it can be refracted like a wave and has some little mass like a particle. There is a consequence that the electron shows dual nature at a single time means the electron have some momentum and the position at the same time. The Bohr’s model describes that there is a possibility not sure that we find the electron in any particular circular orbit. Is this topic Formula for Mass hard for you? Watch out for my coming posts.
Conclusion on Neils Bohr Atomic Theory:
As according to the Rutherford atom model, all the electrons revolve around the nucleus. But he did not explain then why not all the electrons falls into the nucleus after spending the energy. This fact was completely explained by the Niels Bohr and stated that the electrons revolve around the nucleus in the fixed orbits only. The in that fixed orbits the angular momentum of the electrons is equal to the multiple integral of nh / 2`Pi` .
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