Introduction to General electric fuse:
Electric fuse is a safety device installed between the electric source and electric circuit to save the components of the circuit from getting damaged. Overload conditions are being prevented by the use of electric fuses. The basic principle behind the working is that the fuse terminals are added in series with the electric circuit and electric voltage source, internally the fuse terminals are connected with a fusible metal or semiconductor alloy. When over currents happens the metal melts and the contact between the terminals of the fuse is damaged. The circuit now acts as a open circuit and devices are saved from being damaged.
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The duration of over current and its magnitude that a fuse can withstands depends on the construction and requirement of the fuse. A fuse generally is made up of two components one is for sensing and the other for interrupting i.e. sensing the heat produced due to the current and interrupting for taking the action i.e. melting of the fuse metal.
Ratings marked on electric fuse
Manufacturers mark the fuse with following ratings which specify the limit to which the fuse will not break, these are: current ratings, maximum voltage difference, i^2t rating (power it can withstand) and other ratings depending upon the manufacturer.
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Some Common types of fuses
Thermal fuse- the fuse we have studied above is a thermal fuse. They are used in home appliances like coffee machine.
Automotive fuse-fuse used in automobiles are called automotive fuse.
High voltage fuses- used for high rating devices like transformers with ratings upto thousands of volts.
Resettable fuse- fuses which could be used again and again i.e. the circuit is again shorted after the temperature falls down and there is no need to insert a new fuse. These are used in aircrafts etc where replacement is not easy.
So fuses are important part of electrical and electronic circuits and are used in vast fields i.e. from home appliances to automobiles and aircrafts as they save the gazettes from being damaged.
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